History of Java

 

History of Java

     Java language developed by company Sun Microsystems and creator is Jamesh Gosling.

    

      History behind development of Java

  ·   Sun Microsystems Started by group of the students who are studding in Standard University. These people found the problem in their room with electronic consumable remote. That means one electronic consumable control is not worked on another electronics consumable. These people want to develop a common remote control which is controlling all the electronic consumables so they contact James Gosling and requested for the projects. Sun Microsystems started by group of students out of them one person also Indian whose name Vinode Khosla.

  §  James Gosling and his team members given the project name as Green started in the year 1990 and common remote control completed in the year 1992.

    Firstly, it was called "Greentalk" by James Gosling and  file extension was .gt .

§  The James Gosling team develop a new language called as OAK But this name is  already selected by some other company renamed as Java but java has no meaning representation of Island in Indonesia. The unofficial abbreviation of java is Just another virtual analyzer (JAVA).

     QUE:-Why Oak name for java language?

    ANS-:Why Oak? Oak is a symbol of strength and chosen as a national tree of many countries like U.S.A.,France, Germany, Romania etc.

     QUE:-Why Java name for java language?

    ANS-:Java is an island of Indonesia where first coffee was produced (called java coffee).

    JAVA introduction:- 

Author	James Gosling
Vendor	Sun Micro System
Project name	Green Project
Type	open source & free software
Initial	OAK language
Present Name	java
Extensions	.java & .class & .jar
Initial version	jdk 1.0 (java development kit)
Present version	java 8
Operating System	multi Operating System
Implementation Lang	c, cpp……
Symbol	coffee cup with saucer
SUN	Stanford Universally Network
Slogan/Motto	WORA (write once run anywhere)

 

    Java:-

·         Developed by James Gosling at Sun Micro Systems in 1996 used to develop particular for client-server web applications. Now it is merged into Oracle Corporation.

    Java Version History

    Now a day 8 versions of java are released, which is listed below with realizing date.

• JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)
• JDK 1.0 (23rd Jan, 1996)
• JDK 1.1 (19th Feb, 1997)
• J2SE 1.2 (8th Dec, 1998)
• J2SE 1.3 (8th May, 2000)
• J2SE 1.4 (6th Feb, 2002)
• J2SE 5.0 (30th Sep, 2004)
• Java SE 6 (11th Dec, 2006)
• Java SE 7 (28th July, 2011)
• Java SE 8 (18th March, 2014)

 

Overview of Java

·        Java is one of the programming language or technology used for developing web applications. Java language developed at SUN Micro Systems in the year 1995 under the guidance of James Gosling and there team. Originally SUN Micro Systems is one of the Academic university (Standford University Network)

·        Whatever the software developed in the year 1990, SUN Micro Systems has released on the name of oak, which is original name of java (scientifically oak is one of the tree name). The OAK has taken 18 months to develop.

·        The oak is unable to fulfill all requirements of the industry. So James Gosling again reviews this oak and released with the name of java in the year 1995. Scientifically java is one of the coffee seed name.

Java divided into three categories, they are

• J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)
• J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)
• J2ME (Java 2 Micro or Mobile Edition)

J2SE

J2SE is used for developing client side applications.

J2EE

J2EE is used for developing server side applications.

J2ME

J2ME is used for developing mobile or wireless application by making use of a predefined protocol called WAP (wireless Access / Application protocol).

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How to add CSS in HTML Documents

How to add CSS in HTML Documents

  §  CSS can be add as a separate document or embedded in the HTML document itself.

§  There are three ways of including CSS in an HTML document:

     1.     By using inline CSS.

     2.     By Using internal CSS

     3.     By using external CSS.

Inline Styles Sheet

  §  Inline CSS can be applied by using the style attribute in the HTML start tag where it is used on page.

  §   In the given example Here we use inline CSS for heading tag the example shows how to change the color and the font-size of a heading

  §  Example of inline css for<h1> tag

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1 style="color: green; font-size: 50px;">

Welcome To CSS Introduction

</h1>

</body>

</html>

Internal Style Sheet

   §  An internal style sheet should be used when a style sheet is  a specific to single     document. 

Internal Style Sheet

  §  To include internal styles sheet html provides <style></style> tag to define CSS rules.

  §  Internal styles sheet is defined in the head section of an HTML page, by using the <style> tag, like below:

<html>

<head>

<style>

h1

{

color: green;

font-size: 50px;

}

p

{

color: palevioletred;

font-size: 100px;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Welcome To CSS Introduction</h1>

<p>This is the Paragraph</p>

</body>

</html>

     External Style Sheet

  §  Whenever you want to apply same CSS style sheet into multiple html page then it is not recommended to embedded same style sheet into multiple pages by using internal style sheet. In this case we should go for external style sheet.

    What is an external style sheet?

  §  External style sheet means maintaing a separate CSS file and attach that CSS file into multiple pages in which required. Where each page must link to the style sheet using the <link> tag. This tag goes inside the head section:

Steps Required to use external CSS

§  Follow these steps to use external CSS:

§  Create a new .css file with the text editor, and add the style rules. 

p{

color: blue;

text-align: center;

font-size: 30px;

}

h1{

text-align: center;

background-color: bisque;

}

         §  In the <head> section of your HTML sheet, add a reference to your external .css file .

    <!DOCTYPE html>

    <html>

    <head>

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen"

        href="main.css" />

    </head>

    <body>

<p>This is the paragraph</p>

<h1>This is the heading</h1>

    </body>

    </html>

Output:

Advantages of External CSS:

§  Using external CSS we cam maintain separation of CSS code and HTML and using it your HTML files will have a cleaner structure and are smaller in size.

§  You can use the same. CSS file for multiple pages.

§  With an external style sheet, we can change the look of an entire Web site by changing one file.

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